Baha'i Perspectives

leila December 18th, 2008

I woke up feeling sick this morning.

My tongue parched, stomach growling; my body as if it had been mowed by a steamroller; I could hardly lift myself up from the living room couch, as Natalya sat across from me, sipping her tea quietly.

(Natalya was staying the night, en route back home to Singapore after an autumn internship in D.C.; my Kiwi friend Kat occupied my bedroom; and Wendy, a scientist by day who moonlights as a cellist, pianist, vocalist, journalist, and HIV/AIDS patient mentor, had already shuffled out the door.)

The inevitable had dawned: I was sick.

The early mornings and late nights didn’t help: getting up early to go to work after an evening of meaningful conversation with my friend in town from New Zealand, lasting until 1:00 a.m., left me invigorated but sleep deprived.

And the commitments: the days at work of course, and evenings and weekends, always doing something.  And while it was fulfilling, I somehow felt like I wasn’t doing enough.  We all feel that anxiety, at some point: about our jobs (that others are getting ahead, or that we’re not satisfied with our work); about friendships or relationships; about a society that is seemingly crumbling around us, and we feel powerless to fix it.  And, when we come in contact with the words of Bahá’u'lláh, we’ve been given the medicine to treat an ailing world — but we may sometimes feel overwhelmed by the magnitude of the task at hand.  Whether it’s the spiritual education of children, the moral empowerment of young adolescents, or study of and sharing the Creative Word with others, we feel pulled in many directions and struggle to work actively toward the betterment of the world.

Examining my course of action and the outcomes, then, I’d become increasingly frustrated with the fact that things weren’t “clicking” the way I expected them to.  It left me with a nervous knot in my stomach, sleeping little, eating less.  In short, I felt I was falling far short of my goals and expectations.

The stress culminated in my bulldozed, sick state this morning.

Unable to stomach the toast and honey that Kat had prepared for me, and sipping slowly on chamomile tea, I crawled back onto the living room couch, curling underneath the down comforter.

It’s now late evening, and as I chew on a vitamin C tablet, I mull over a letter written by the Universal House of Justice to those gathered at the six Regional Conferences held in the United States, of 41 held worldwide.  One statement in particular stands out:

Undeflected by the turmoil and distractions of the world around you, direct your energies to the task at hand with expanded vision and renewed consecration.

The turmoil and distractions of the world around us are self-evident: rampant materialism; a severe financial crisis; corrupt governance; to name only a few.  These are external distractions that often cause our actions to stray from that which we believe.

But, what about the distractions and turmoil that lie within us: those feelings of inadequacy?  Is there a wisdom behind it, or does it deflect us from accomplishing what we need to?

I derived some inspiration from a talk given last week at the Regional Conference held for the Southeastern United States in Atlanta, Georgia.  Stay tuned for Part II to find out what I learned.

Tags: 41 conferences, inadequacy, turmoil

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negin September 4th, 2008

When discussing the situation of society today, and the many challenges that humanity is facing in regard to the decay in morals and ethics, it is not unusual that the habits, lifestyle and behaviour of teens are brought up as a deterrent example. A rise in drug abuse among youth, a rise in violence among young people and a rise in teenage pregnancies are just a few examples that we hear about.

At the same time, there is rising awareness among youth around the world when it comes to global issues like poverty, racism and the environment. They engage — with heart and soul — in promoting the good of their fellow man, being able to look beyond race, sex and colour to a degree that is touching and inspiring to many.

This age group is, therefore,  a unique one, possessing great potential for awareness and commitment, but also facing an obvious risk of error and degeneration.

Abdu’l-Bahá describes the period of youth in these words:

After a time he enters the period of youth in which his former conditions and needs are superseded by new requirements applicable to the advance in his degree. His faculties of observation are broadened and deepened, his intelligent capacities are trained and awakened, the limitations and environment of childhood no longer restrict his energies and accomplishments.

Youth are thus very sensitive to influences in their environment, one of which has to do with society’s view of them. A prevalent understanding is that adolescence is a time when the individual goes through physical and psychological changes, which must inevitably lead to confusion and crisis. One more or less expects teenagers to misbehave and to be rebellious and self-centered. They are assumed to only care about pleasure and amusement and shouldn’t be bothered with responsibility.

In a letter to a youth, Abdu’l-Bahá says:

The period of youth is characterized by strength and vigor and stands out as the choicest time in human life. Therefore you should strive day and night so that endowed with heavenly strength, inspired with brilliant motives and aided by His celestial power and heavenly grace and confirmation, you may become the ornaments of the world of humanity…

As described in the above two quotations by Abdu’l-Baha, the period of youth is a time when the potential for development and progress is great. During so critical a period, education and encouragement can empower youth to take responsibility of their lives and their surroundings and “become the ornaments of the world of humanity”. But, as rightly pointed out by a previous author, the approach taken must be creative, one that will both engage their interests and be sensitive to their growing potentialities. In the context of Baha’i junior youth programmes, this means avoiding the boredom and monotony of classroom-style lectures in favour of smaller, interactive groups — usually guided by a facilitator who is, in effect, a friend to the participants. This also means entirely steering clear of a patronizing attitude towards the participants, and instead promoting a positive environment where each participant’s talents and opinions are highly valued and allowed to develop.

This is the purpose of the “Junior Youth Spiritual Empowerment Program” that is used by the Baha’is, and has been described in previous articles.

Tags: youth

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nooshin August 25th, 2008

Having started the course in May 2007, and after some unforeseen stops and starts, I have finally finished Ruhi Book 5 (Releasing the Powers of Junior Youth), and am now officially an “animator”. I explained my enthusiasm for the course and its spiritual underpinnings in my previous post. In the collaborative spirit of the Ruhi method, I have asked my classmates to share their views of Book 5. All three are in their twenties, and all three have been raised and brought up in Africa. Two are doctors and one is an international relations consultant. Once you read their insightful responses, you’ll see why I loved going to class: I felt more enriched every time.

Me: Why do you think Book 5 is an important class? Is it different from the other Ruhi books?

Well, truth is I only did the book initially for the sake of doing it. I was a bit curious to see what it was like but never thought I would want to do it myself. By the time the book finished, I was dying to have my own experiences. I think the book gives you a taste of what it could be like but you know that the real exciting part would be to get out and do it. By doing my class, I think I learnt a lot about encouragement it helped me in a lot of aspects of my life to take an individual and be a part of their growth. Here you are helping build a generation that will be better than ours was, one which will have a whole new focus. It is a privilege, I think.

Book 5 is a very specific training manual with a concrete practical component, the formation of junior youth animator groups; a peer group that meets regularly, serves as an environment of mutual support for its members, where youth are systematically guided to listen, speak, reflect, analyze, make decisions and act on their decisions in an atmosphere free from fear of censure or ridicule, and encouraged to enhance those qualities and attitudes that a life of service to humanity requires.

What is important for me is the focus on a previously neglected age group. The series of material that has been developed to accompany Book 5 is great for animators, and provides a consistent and systematic methodology.

Me: Are you a fan of the Ruhi process? Do you think it is successful?

A true fan! It is the core to a systematic sustainable growth and development pattern that the international Baha’i community has embarked on. It is globally recognizable and yet locally adaptable and sensitive. It has been successful in deepening the knowledge of the Baha’i community, growing human resources internally, focusing on a specific plan of action, and mobilizing the global community around this. It is clearly a process that is equipping every community with the next level of building blocks required to support the spiritual needs of the entire human race.

Me: Why do you think it is important to focus on this particular age group?

It is a period of transition. Prior to this, their choices are made for them, their morals are imposed on them rather than being their choice. This is the first time they start to question and be critical and really find out why things are done rather than blindly following what they are told to do. They also often shift their focus of guidance, which makes this a very critical time, because a wrong choice here could have disastrous consequences for the future. But if they choose to adopt a positive world outlook and a sense of spirituality, this will remain with them.

Junior Youth require firm mentoring but with open debate, so that they can develop their own thought processes and opinions but based on important spiritual values that will stay with them their entire life. Youth have often already formed this, and it is challenging to steer their pattern of development towards a positive direction.

Junior youth are in the shadows of the age of maturity and the animator youth group casts a light to guide them in the right direction. Abdu’l-Bahá says of the age of maturity (15 years): “Having arrived at this stage it acquireth the capacity to manifest spiritual and intellectual perfections. The lights of comprehension, intelligence and knowledge become perceptible in it and the POWERS OF ITS SOUL UNFOLD“.

Tags: Ruhi books, youth

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nooshin August 15th, 2008

Conventional wisdom regards the teenage years as hellish for everyone concerned: the parents and the teachers as well as the teenagers themselves. It is supposed to be filled with angst and rebellion and a mostly selfish outlook on life. Not unusually, conventional wisdom doesn’t reflect the full picture. What most of us are overlooking is the potential and promise of those formative years.

The education of children and youth is held to be a sacred task in the Baha’i Faith. Our responsibilities to the next generation are clearly defined. In their annual Ridvan message to the Baha’is of the world in 2000, the Universal House of Justice says the following:

Children are the most precious treasure a community can possess, for in them are the promise and guarantee of the future. They bear the seeds of the character of future society which is largely shaped by what the adults constituting the community do or fail to do with respect to children. They are a trust no community can neglect with impunity.

The moral education of children is the focus of Book Three in the sequence of Ruhi books. In Book Five (Releasing the Powers of Junior Youth), the focus shifts to the “junior youth”, those who have outgrown children’s classes, but are still too young to be considered youth. The 2000 Ridvan Message provides this explanation:

Among the young ones in the community are those known as junior youth, who fall between the ages of, say, 12 and 15. They represent a special group with special needs as they are somewhat in between childhood and youth when many changes are occurring within them. Creative attention must be devoted to involving them in programmes of activity that will engage their interests, mold their capacities for teaching and service, and involve them in social interaction with older youth.

All over the world, Baha’i communities are starting to place greater and greater emphasis and attention on the “junior youth”. The characteristics of the youth are described by ‘Abdu’l-Bahá as follows:

After a time he enters the period of youth in which his former conditions and needs are superseded by new requirements applicable to the advance in his degree. His faculties of observation are broadened and deepened, his intelligent capacities are trained and awakened, the limitations and environment of childhood no longer restrict his energies and accomplishments.

The Ruhi Book Five course aims for its participants to become “animators” of the junior youth. The text book explanation of an animator is of “an older person who is a true friend to the youth and can assist them in the development of their capacities”, in a peer group setting. The spiritual explanation is given by ‘Abdu’l-Bahá: “one who traineth them to love“.

It is important to note that the first of the three units in Book Five focuses on the potentialities of the human soul. This helps to underscore for the participants the potentialities, the latent perfections, in each and every child and youth they come into contact with. Some of the quotations used in the book include the following two from ‘Abdu’l-Bahá:

First of all, be ready to sacrifice your lives for one another, to prefer the general well-being to your personal well-being. Create relationships that nothing can shake; form an assembly that nothing can break up; have a mind that never ceases acquiring riches that nothing can destroy. If love did not exist, what of reality would remain? It is the fire of the love of God which renders man superior to the animal. Strengthen this superior force through which is attained all the progress in the world.

And the honor and distinction of the individual consist in this, that he among all the world’s multitudes should become a source of social good. Is any larger bounty conceivable than this, that an individual, looking within himself, should find that by the confirming grace of God he has become the cause of peace and well-being, of happiness and advantage to his fellow men? No, by the one true God, there is no greater bliss, no more complete delight.

Tags: Ruhi books, youth

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nadim July 31st, 2008

This video is another gem from DoubleTake.tv, a site that contains a growing collection of short Baha’i-inspired documentaries. Watch how an innovative “white bloke” living on the island of Vanuatu rolls up his sleeves and gets down to finding a homegrown solution to the problem of rising fuel prices.

Finished watching?

Let’s reflect for a moment on the video and then turn our thoughts towards the bigger picture…

The Biofuel Conundrum

Biofuel production is without doubt one hot topic these days. It provokes an entire spectrum of opinions from advocates and critics alike. Having initially been devised as a mechanism to reduce the world’s dependence on crude oil, the mass production of biofuel using food crops has precipitated another crisis — in the form of rocketing food prices and increased global famine. What are the possible reasons for this wretched situation? Was this outcome inevitable, or was it somehow avoidable?

Being a regular user of public transport, I’ve had to endure yet another rise in the base taxi fare, as well as a significant price rise for bus tickets, all in the past month. Clearly, biofuels haven’t lowered fuel prices — not for me anyway — and the trip over to the local grocery store is becoming more and more of a nervous window-shopping experience. So what exactly has gone wrong?

As usual, I dive into the World Wide Web to try and figure things out. A Time magazine article, Solving the Biofuels vs. Food Problem, points out that in 2006 alone the U.S. produced 4.86 billion gallons of corn ethanol. That sounds like a lot, but what does it really mean? Well, United Nations expert Jean Ziegler, explains that it takes the same amount of corn to produce 13 gallons of ethanol as it does to feed a child for one year. Divide 4.86 billion by 13 and we have 374 million starving children who could have been fed, all by a single country!! And this was back in 2006 — I can only imagine the numbers would have shot up by now. Ziegler, clearly exasperated by this situation, goes on to comment:

…the effect of transforming hundreds and hundreds of thousands of tons of maize, of wheat, of beans, of palm oil, into agricultural fuel is absolutely catastrophic for the hungry people… So it’s a crime against humanity… What has to be stopped is… the growing catastrophe of the massacre (by) hunger in the world.

Based on this statistic alone, it would take a foolhardy person to reject Ziegler’s statement outright.

When Baha’u'llah, Prophet Founder of the Baha’i Faith, pronounced that the prevailing world order is “lamentably defective”, need we look any further for proof?

Couldn’t They Have Waited?

Both Ziegler and the author of the Time article state that non-food alternatives for biofuel, such as switchgrass (which is energy-efficient) and Jatropha shrubs (which grow well on poor land), are only a few years away from becoming viable for mass production. The Science Blog reports on an even more promising alternative, a grass called Miscanthus. Why then, do the economically advantaged countries not wait a little while longer? Surely it should be obvious that all this excess corn can quite easily feed the world’s hungry population. Why do these countries ruthlessly trade human lives in order for their citizens to drive a few extra miles on the highway?

In the masterpiece entitled Century of Light, which examines the successes and failures of the 20th century, the The Universal House of Justice explains:

Tragically, what Bahá’ís see in present-day society is unbridled exploitation of the masses of humanity by greed that excuses itself as the operation of “impersonal market forces”… What they find themselves struggling against daily is the pressure of a dogmatic materialism, claiming to be the voice of “science”, that seeks systematically to exclude from intellectual life all impulses arising from the spiritual level of human consciousness.

(Commissioned by The Universal House of Justice, Century of Light, p. 137)

This captures, in essence, what Baha’is believe to be the root cause of humanity’s ills. What is completely disregarded by our present economic and political systems are those universal spiritual qualities spoken of in the Holy Books of the world’s religions — justice, honesty, trustworthiness, generosity, love of one’s neighbour and so on. Indeed, it is puzzling to observe how these guiding principles, which govern the behaviour of righteous individuals across just about every society, are conveniently swept under the rug in debates on international policy.

Having said this, individual transformation, although vital, is alone not enough. It is becoming increasingly urgent for nations to acknowledge that they belong to a single common homeland known as planet Earth, and that the good of the whole can never be achieved without sincerely seeking the best for each and every part. This implies moving from a culture of competition for natural resources towards one of collaboration. The implications of this change of thinking would be nothing short of revolutionary, and revolution, it seems, is precisely what is needed.

Sure, it is easy to pass this off as some fanciful notion and continue seeking the latest popular explanation as to why our world systems are just so volatile. Commonly-heard phrases like “economic downturn”, “instability in the Middle East”, “rising interest rates”, “loss of investor confidence”, “farm subsidies” are forever making the rounds in the media, and people blindly accept these for the very reason that they are impersonal. These phrases, in my opinion, are comfortable to accept because they do not challenge the status quo. They do not challenge ingrained patterns of human and societal behaviour. Instead, all they do is mask the reality that we are governed by a system that has long passed it’s sell-by date; one which is described as “morally and intellectually bankrupt” by The Universal House of Justice. The only solution that will ensure a long-term future of peace and prosperity is spiritual — it can only be spiritual.

But what to do about the biofuel problem?

Ahh, the million dollar question. Obviously there is no such thing as a quick fix. Nevertheless, Baha’is believe that even the most complex economic problems can be solved through the application of spiritual principles. Now, supposing for a moment that Tony Deamer’s coconut fuel initiative in Vanuatu became a candidate for large-scale production. What are some questions that we would hope the Government would ask? What are some suggested potential international guidelines on this matter? Here is a quick list that came to my mind:

• What is the nutritional value of the crop in question? Is it a viable source of food for the world’s population?
• What is the current economic state of the country in question? In what ways can the money saved on importing fuel be channeled towards improving education, health care etc?
• Will the by-products of the fuel extraction process have any worth or be discarded as waste?
• What is the potential environmental impact in terms of greenhouse gas emissions etc?
• How do we “give back” to the land what has been taken from it?

In terms of coconut fuel in Vanuatu, you may find it interesting to read this article, in which Tony Deamer addresses some of the above questions.

Do you have any personal thoughts on this issue?

Tags: development, economics, fuel, materialism

• General Interest , News & Current Affairs , Principles in Action , Society
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leila July 28th, 2008

I sat down this morning, with my glass of Lady Grey, scanning the pages of the New York Times, guiltily avoiding writing the sequel to my last post. My editor’s voice haunted me, with the words “deadline” and “Sunday” echoing in my head. I sleepily rubbed my shoulder, feeling tense from the day’s depressing headlines, trying to re-ignite the cheery tone with which I had left off in my previous post.

The disintegrative forces — those old, oppressive, corrupt phenomena in the world — were, no doubt, getting me down.

Sometimes, it seems as if oppression, corruption, and injustice are King. Sometimes, it seems the change brought about by the integrative forces is painfully slow.

As I scanned the news, it seemed all hope was lost: a bomb in Istanbul, soaring fuel prices, and the inevitable snarkiness that surrounds the U.S. presidential elections.

Then, hidden among the headlines, I found a gem of a story. It spoke of a music program at a woman’s prison in Venezuela. The women — some thieves, some drug smugglers, and even a Malaysian law student who claimed she was wrongly imprisoned — participate in a voluntary orchestral program that offers classical training. In this program, the women find hope and purpose. One participant remarked, after her three daughters watched her performance, “I finally felt useful in this life.”

This, to me, is an example of the integrative forces arising in the world. Sometimes small, sometimes quiet, but altogether a reflection of a changing attitude in the world.

It’s easy, though, to look at these integrative efforts with a sense of cynicism. I often hear, from my peers or in my own mind, lamentations about how the U.N. is mired in stagnation, or that the millions of dollars the World Bank pours into development hardly produces equivalent results. Or, that successful and well-meaning endeavors in social and economic development are too small to make any kind of true impact.

Our generation is an eternally impatient one, and tends to seek quick-fixes. If we only stopped to reflect on how much we’ve accomplished in the past century, and how much more, as our consciousness expands, humanity will inevitably grow.

In order for humankind to progress, though, it is imperative that we reflect on the nature of the world, on the failures and successes of present institutions, and then act accordingly. Shoghi Effendi, the Guardian of the Bahá’í Faith, wrote:

The world is in great turmoil and its problems seem to become daily more acute. We should, therefore, not sit idle, otherwise we would be failing in carrying out our sacred duty. Bahá’u'lláh has not given us His Teachings to treasure them and hide them for our personal delight and pleasure. He gave them to us that we may pass them from mouth to mouth until all the world becomes familiar with them and enjoys their blessings and uplifting influence.

– Shoghi Effendi, Bahá’í News, no. 73 (May 1933), p. 2

Bahá’ís believe that Bahá’u'lláh’s teachings, rooted in the concept of the oneness of humanity, are not only those that will help solve the world’s ills in the future, but are already beginning to do so. Bahá’u'lláh was imprisoned and placed into exile for most of His life — yet His teachings have already manifested themselves in ways both small and large, and millions of individuals around the world, on all continents, have embraced His Faith.

And I’d venture to assert that as a steadily growing cohort of individuals who engage in sustained social action emerges, beginning from the grassroots, and based on the spirit of Bahá’u'lláh’s teachings, our adolescent world will, ever steadily, blossom into the calm of maturity.

So, while my awkwardness personally never ended after adolescence, my adherence to Bahá’u'lláh’s teachings makes me certain that humanity’s will.

Tags: integration/disintegration, maturity, oneness, politics

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nava July 23rd, 2008

If there are indeed “lost” boys and girls out there who refuse to grow up, who waste their days away with idle talk and deedless days, is our society just doomed to perish?  Or is there hope for a flourishing of human affairs once again, a spiritual renaissance, if you will?

I believe it is the latter.  Yes, there is work to be done, and a lot of it.  But it can be done.  It will be done, and we will be reborn.  We will flourish.  We will arise.  So when do we start, and how do we start?

We start…today.  That much should be abundantly clear.  There is no time to waste, not a moment to lose. As our environmental woes amass, moral decadence prevails, depression and suicide rates are on the rise, and materialism infects the cells of society like a terminal cancer, how can we hesitate for even a moment to stand up and make a change?  How can we doubt for even one instant that things are not okay and will never be okay until we get out there and do something? But we can’t do it alone.  It would be foolish to think ourselves capable of transforming this mess we currently live into the promised Kingdom of God on earth on our own.

Fortunately, we have Baha’u'llah.  We have the Revelation of Baha’u'llah.  The teachings that are apropriate for the ills of today.  You see, God sends us Divine Teachers (what many refer to as Prophets, what Bahá’ís term Manifestations or Messengers of God) to guide humanity and draw us nearer to Him. These Manifestations of God do this by bringing us laws and teachings according to our collective capacity as a human race. These laws are both new and the same. They are appropriate for the day in which we live — as every new age has its own ill, and every new ill requires a different medicine, the social teachings change and address the specific “disease” of the time — and the spiritual laws which are eternal and unchanging are renewed rather than rewritten.

This accounts for the varying religions.  There are so many, not because one is right and all the rest are false, but because each authentic religion was right in its own historical context, was necessary for the age in which it was revealed, and is renewed, not lost, when the next Manifestation comes. So essentially, there is only one religion — “eternal in the past, eternal in the future” — though at different times it had different names and different laws. Even different teachers. Much like the child going through the same school, but at each new grade learning newer and more complex ideas, humanity is educated by God in the same progressive and gradual way.

Therefore, we believe that Baha’u'llah, the most recent in this series, has brought the teachings which are appropriate for today. He says:

The All-Knowing Physician hath His finger on the pulse of mankind. He perceiveth the disease, and prescribeth, in His unerring wisdom, the remedy. Every age hath its own problem, and every soul its particular aspiration. The remedy the world needeth in its present-day afflictions can never be the same as that which a subsequent age may require. Be anxiously concerned with the needs of the age ye live in, and center your deliberations on its exigencies and requirements.

Equipped with the teachings of Baha’u'llah, the very elixirs for the diseases of the age, Baha’is the world over are engaged in specific core activities aimed at addressing the root causes which result in the symptoms of these diseases plaguing humanity. Too many organizations and institutions address it the other way around — they address the symptoms, not the cause. This at best postpones further symptoms, but does nothing in the way of truly curing and preventing the problems from reocurring.

We believe in grassroots change. We believe in the power of the individual to arise and make a difference. To be an active agent of social transformation, rather than a passive bystander in the perishing of society, or someone who sits on his or her couch all day feeling depressed about the world but offering nothing more than complaints.

Our core activities include, as a vital component, children’s classes and junior youth classes. These classes aim at infusing these youngsters with morality, all-too lacking and underrated these days, so that they can use their lives for the betterment of society.  They are also expected to engage in service activities as a group so that the love of service, which may not be inherently there, can grow and together, they can gradually learn to be the kind of people who care about more than just their own existences.

We support, encourage, and are participating in social and economic development projects, especially those aimed at helping the under-served in our world have a voice, provide for themselves and their families.

We are working for change.

But, we can’t do it alone. We don’t want to do it alone. We want to work shoulder-to-shoulder with our neighbors, our coworkers, our friends, our friends’ friends — in taking responsibility for our planet and together, rebuilding the world in which we live. Transforming it into that long-awaited Kingdom of God on earth.

Boys and girls, men and women, let’s rise up off our couches.  Put away the video remote control.  Stop checking your Facebook updates.  Forget about who your ex-boyfriend is talking to today.  Let’s not be those lost boys and girls.  Let’s be the agents of change.  Let’s transform ourselves and our planet, and let’s do it today.

Tags: baha'i, childhood, maturity, religion

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